Impact of Electronic Media Advertising

Some examples of electronic media can be television receiver, radio, and Internet. Consumerism can be defined as a fact or practice of an increase consumption of goods. Since the beginning of society has relied on advertising to publicly elevate a crossway or a specific service. publicize has wedge give birthrs in m whatever different ways. mass believe that advertisements brainwashes the consumer into purchasing excess features. Other people believe that advertising does non sell any products, but it will convince the people who desire certain product to purchase it.Advertisements affect sports as well, without companies sponsoring these events they would disappear due to lack of funding. Advertising Is everywhere People see celebrities In their new trendy outfits on TV marchs or commercials and want to Imitate their fashion statement. Health and heaviness Is another trend that the electronic media uses to reach the public. A large sum total of celebrities Americans se en on television shows or movies argon in a perfective aspect shape.This role comes an important impact on American close because it makes Americans debate that the celebrities seen in music videos or movies are the body shape everybody should be. People today are as well as gaining new outlooks towards situations or people. Americans are ceremony television shows called reality shows. These shows are letting Americans see how celebrities behave in their daily lives. In slightly ways this shows are causing Americans to take and act differently of what they thought a celebrity live should It be.Americans are Imitating these attitudes that before middle and poor Americans would not know. Electronic media has propagated new trends that Americans would neer thought It could It exist such as Internet blobbing, online shopping, and cell skirt testing. Internet blobbing Is In the prevalent American culture. Most Americans use some kind of blob web page to communicate to his frie nds or any one that wants know about them. Blobbing can be used as an advertisement. Celebrities use blob pages such as twitter to promote a new movies or just a product they use.Online shopping has bend a trend in the past 10 years for the popular culture. Online shopping has given the consumer the convenience to specify if he or she wants the item ship or pick it up at the store. Testing was not even a word back 15 years past and in the present time is a large trend in pop culture. Testing is being used to communicate with friends and business also used his to trend in a form of advertisement to companies and television shows. Television shows use testing as way to promote their businesses.A famous show call American Idol use testing to decide what contesters should be eliminated or stay on the competition. These three trends have an contact on American views and values concerning consumerism and work. The Consumerism causes these trends to promote over ten homo For example, elegant would not work walkout consumerism. The society is the main reason the range of a function keeps moving and advertising works well for companies or television show such as American idol. These trends also have an impact when public speaking of work.For example, online shopping has caused some problems of unemployment because it reduces the personal customer service that a sales representative can bring to the customers. The impact of electronic media advertising on consumerism make Americans have a reaction to purchase or not products offered in media. Electronic media has developed new trends in the popular American culture and has an impact in Americans views and values in consumerism and work. The trends have increased consume of products by Americans, and work has unemployment problems cause by the technology.

Ip Camera

Basic analog and digital Branded ones Bosch, AXIS, Mobotix Biggest chinaware brand Vivotek Check out AXIS and Mobotix trend in severally country. Bosch is following up with AXIS and Mobotix. Bosch website is good in technical. Vivotek is good in hardware. Bosch and Airlive software are good. Analog camera has BNC connector (round connector). green goddess replace analog to digital? Yes is possible. Cost is 25 USD to 250USD. Can convert to BNC to RJ45 or even to Fibre. Lens affect the viewing angle from 4 MM, 6MM, 8MM, 16MM. producer is Sharp and Sony. Lens withal got differentiate into CMOS and optical crystalline lense. Optical lens consume more bandwidth.AXIS has the best CMOS lens and they can make it close set(predicate) to optical lens. MTBF- Mean time before failures. Our AP is 200,000HRS which is quite safe. Camera also have MTBF timing. Bosch have best datasheet. digital cameras is using RJ45, LAN cable. Digital have both indoor and alfresco. DVR for analog have BN C connector. 16 holes. 1 hole 1 channel. DVR is for digital camera. DVR is mostly for soho use up to 16 channels or even 32 channels = 32 digital cameras. 1 camera 1 ip address. DVR we have 1 setup box and 1 harddisk and few buttons for control. Older form of DVR is onsite recording. 2nd generation is with Lan cables so is going via IP.Can record offsite. PTZ cameras Pan Tilt Zoom.. which the lens is optical. NVR network video recording is like a NAS, up to soprano CPU power with single GIGBABIT port for connecting high resolution cameras for processing. Can connect up to 254 cameras to 1 NVR (255 ip address for Class C subnet mask). Codec is required for converting the recording for onsite. H. 264 and MPEG file version. For future, people are doing bigger and big and scalable NVR to increase the number of cameras. Raid is now up to 0 and 1. Next year will be raid 5 and raid 6. inside have 4 CPU inside 4U CPU tweet with 2 harddisk with redundant power. Software Questions to ask. 1) What is the FRAME per second? FPS. Recording for IP camera is 29FPS is good (for wired). Wireless camera is normally 3 to 5 FPS for viewing. Recording is still 29FPS for wireless. 2) Resolutions. 320 x 320, 480 x 320, 640 x 480, 1024 x 768 etc. higher resolution will consume higher bandwidth. For analog is delineate as lines. Eg HD TV has 1080 lines. 3)CODEC file type. For night vision is based on lux. 0. 5 LUX is able to see already. 1 LUX 40W of weightlessness bulbs. IP cameras do not hook on standard POE but it take POE+. AXIS strong at indoor Mobotix strong at outdoor Vivotek Outdoor and indoor Bosch Outdoor

Organizational Chart

MBA in Technology Management The company I worked for in the past was FORE Properties. This was a chain or flatbed communities that were all purchased and built by the owner and run by the prop four-in-hands, assistant property passenger cars, and the leasing team. The chain of command went as fol number 1s. This is my knowledge to the surpass of my ability. New positions may have been added or I was neer awake(predicate) of their presence. There are many different reasons why I did not enjoy working for this company. None of them have anything to do with the organization structure.For one, I accepted the position as leasing consultant when I was 3 months pregnant. afterwards working for the company for a few months, I was told that my appearance was unsatisfactory. I was wearing clothes from Motherhood Maternity and opinioned better than most employees. They were referring to my calculate because I had severe acne due to the stress of the pregnancy and the Job. They were a lso referring to my pilus because it had recently been cut short. My regional actually told me I looked brainsick. I had entire fits of morning sickness through come forward the whole pregnancy, so looking sick came with the territory.My Job was actually threatened several times due to my appearance. another(prenominal) reason I did not enjoy working for this company is because on one occasion, I was in the shower, getting ready for my regularly plan weekend work day, which I hated because I could not turn over time with my family, and I slipped in the shower. I was immediately rushed to the RE because being pregnant and falling is a serious issue. I contacted my manager as soon as I could to let her know that I could not physically make it in the office that day and she wrote me up because I contacted her AFTER the office should have been open.I explained that there is nothing I could have done differently and that my childs life was in danger. I refused to residencealize the write up to admit that I was guilty of anything because I wasnt. The master(prenominal) reason I did not like the Job was because the product I was trying to sell was disgusting. For starters, the apartments are income restricted. You have to make a trustworthy amount of money to live there, so it is pointed toward a lower margin. The apartments themselves were never cleaned, stunk like cigarettes, and had multiple different kinds of linoleum and carpet throughout a single apartment.My manager loud have paid to have individually apartment looking amazing, entirely instead kept her budget low so she would receive a bonus for not going over budget. I mentioned this several times to my regional, and even had her come and view our apartments, but we were told to lease them anyways. I tried to explain that no one would indirect request to live in an apartment like this. I myself come from the ghetto of sulfur Austin Texas and have lived in some DISGUSTING apartments, but I woul d not chose to live in these apartments if you paid me.They calm down put a sense of urgency on us to get the apartments leased and began fleshy our Jobs. The whole maculation was horrible and I am glad I got out of it when I did. I was even told to constantly walk up to the third floor to clean cockroaches out of the breezeways when I was 9 months pregnant. star time I was even told that I would be standing on the corner in a clown suit with a sign that points to the apartments to get traffic in. Being 9 months pregnant, not fitting into the habiliments and it being 110 degrees outside, I put my foot down and contacted HRS and explained what I was being told to do.I was protected from the dressing like a clown, but still expected to walk up and down three flights of Atari in high up heels and about to deliver a baby. If I was the regional, the manager, or even the owner, I would invest more time and money into making the property look amazing, inside and out. I would be sure that each and every employee is traveling bag as fair as possible. I would never expect anyone to do anything that they could not physically do. I think the more you push soulfulness to do something, the more stressed out they become and the less they furnish you with good work. In conclusion, working for a company has its ups and downs.It is up to each level of the structure o make the best of each situation that they are dealt. If they see something that is not right, they need to take charge and handle the situation immediately. I wish that in several instances, my assistant manager had spoken up for me and handled the situation instead of keeping quite out of fear of losing her Job as well.

Grenz Review

TY 170 February 23, 2009 Grenz Review As time passes, different themes atomic number 18 presented throughout society. These themes t intercept to make attempts at disproving its predecessor. In Stanley J. Grenz book, A Primer on Post sophisticatedism, he discusses the two near recent roots supported by the public modernism and postmodernistististism. The opposition is apparent(a) between the geological eras of modernness and postmodernity. As described by Grenz, modernity focuses on the individual, using reasoning as a source of the uprightness. This belief causes virtue to be relative.Postmodernitys focal point is the classify, instead than the individual. Truth, in the postmodern view, is manufactured by intuition and feeling, causing it to be constructed. Grenz too discusses both the problems postmodernity airs on Christianity and the similarities between postmodernism and Christianity. Grenz portrait of postmodernism is accurate for what society is facing today. In order to understand the differences between modernism and postmodernism as Grenz has defined them, prototypical dread of how each was created is needed.Modernity is establish around meta-narratives stories that connect everyone together. The to the highest degree sonorous meta-narrative of modernity is the universal truth of science. One of the most important constructs of modernity is individualism, upon which whole modern thinkers based their exploit. Most historians suggest that the modern era was born when the profundity brought novel hope to war-ravaged Europe (57). The Enlightenment had 4 principles Reason, nature, autonomy, and harmony (68). These principles created the arse for modern thinkers. some modern thinkers throughout the era, regardless of their discipline, saturnine to the reasoning quash rather than divine revelation as the kickoff point for familiarity and reflection (65). through and through these foundations set for modernity, the modern philosop hers dark to science in support for their hypotheses. Thinkers such as Descartes, Newton, and Kant provided the intellectual foundation for the modern era (80). Rene Descartes was one of the first modern thinkers of his time, often cosmos referred to as the father of modern philosophy (63). When Descartes irst set out on his journey for knowledge, he set out with doubt, in search of arrogant truth that doubt could not deny (64). Like some different thinkers of that period, he Attempted to introduce the rigor of mathematical demonstration into every(prenominal) fields of knowledge, because he mootd that the truths of mathematics were to a greater extent concrete than knowledge based on observation (64). Descartes eventually reached the destination of his searching the one amour that could not be doubted was ones receive creation. His crude way of life of thinking led to a different brain of the military personnel person.His work defined The human being as thinking subst ance and the human person as an autonomous rational number subject (64). This current rendering supported Augustines philosophy Cogito ergo sum I think, thereof I am, (64). Although Descartes work did not let on subjectivity, the chief importance of his share lies in his emphasis on personal experience and personal knowledge, on knowledge arising from the individuals unique point of view (64). His subprogram in the Enlightenment paved the path for his modern-thinking successors.Following Descartes work, Newton began making his bear imprint on the creative activity, emphasizing the importance of science. His work focused on trying to explain the workings of his universe that he saw as a Grand, orderly machine, (67). Newtons idea of the humanity as a machine provided the framework for modernity. Newton deald that by viewing the mankind as a machine, he would be able to know its movements because it would companion a set of distinct laws (67). His design led modern thinke rs to view a mechanistic understanding of the globe, as opposed to a native view (50).Although Newton looked at the scientific explanations of the mankind, his intent was to explain the existence of God. ilk to Descartes, Newton used the power of reason to enhance the gist of theology. The modern world turned out to be Newtons mechanistic universe populated by Descartes autonomous, rational substance (67). through and through Newtons work, other philosophers had the foundation needed to make their own impressions on the world of modernity. withaltually, philosophers began sceptical the Enlightenment and modernity as a whole.Through Immanuel Kants work, he strengthened the ties between society and modernity, which associated himself with the beginning of the Enlightenment. Kants most important contri simplyion to modernity was his publication of Critique of splendid Reason (57). His critique strengthened the support of modernity and terminated all perplexitying of it. Kant sought to create a more concrete weapons platform for metaphysics through his writing (76). He hypothesized that the mind is systematical in organizing sensations from the outside world. agree to Kant, the human person is not only a creature subject of sense experience bus in like manner a moral being (77).Kant believed that by living morally, one lives the way he wishes all good deal would live. He argued that the moral aspect of human existence is basically rational (78). This view of existence created the realm of practical reason, which encouraged other modern philosophers to concentrate on the individual self. This attentiveness came from Kant introducing the idea that the self is not just the focus of philosophical attention but the entire subject matter of philosophy (79). Through this notion, Kant directed his attention to the individual luxurious existence.Kants work provided early philosophers with the concepts needed to understand and eventually interpret mod ernity. Johann Gottlieb Fichte operated off of Kants discoveries. He accepted Kants work but also Was enabled to explode it from the inside (87). Fichte did not want to eliminate Kants ideas, but instead wanted To expose the Kantian fiction of an accusing world existing in its own right beyond the self, (87). Through his work, Kant emphasized the idea that the self creates and determines the objects that constitute its own external world (87). Hence, the realm that Kant claims to know through pure reason, Fichte claims to produce through the arrange of practical reason (87). His work has created a freedom that is important because it holds the electric potential of liberating us from a single way of understanding the world, (88). Fichte managed to dis compute Kants idea of an absolute reality through eliminating the noumenal realm (88). Although he worked against Kant in many ways, Fichte managed to uphold Kants concept of the absolute self (87).Fichte, on with other thinkers, b eliefs led to what is now considered to be the postmodernism era by questioning the context of modernity and its constructors. Postmodernism is the mere rejection of the ideas that modernism and the Enlightenment support. The main hypothesis that postmodernism rejects is the construct of individualism. In its denunciation of modernism, it also rejects the modern theme of meta-narratives, however for its own. The postmodern world does not believe that all knowledge is good, nor that knowledge is objective. They view life on earth as fragile and believe that the continued existence of humankind is dependent on a new attitude of cooperation rather than conquest (7). Postmodern beliefs ask a more pessimistic view on the world, as opposed to the modern idea. Postmoderns believe that the world is historical, relational, and personal (7). The main postmodern view is that everything is different from everything (7). Many voices have joined the postmodern chorus. But of these, three loom as both central and paradigmatic Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, and Richard Rorty.They constitute a trio of postmodern prophets (123). Michel Foucault was persistent in the rejection of the modern worldview. He argued that reason and rational dissertate are problematic.. , because they require that we squeeze the variety of reality into the artificial homogeneousness that accommodates our concepts (127). His intentions were not to present the ideas of a better society, but to understand order. This new society that Foucault presented was called heterotopia, as opposed to the modern view of utopia (20).Foucault focused on the connection between knowledge and power in regards to social systems, stating that every interpretation of reality is an assertion of power (6). Foucault believed that this power was the power of furiousness (59). He used genealogy to gain a better understanding of how we arrived to the beliefs supported by society (135). According to Foucault, the practic e of genealogy informs us that history is not controlled by destiny or some restrictive mechanism but is the product of haphazard conflicts (136).He reveals himself to be the model postmodern by making the assertion that no natural order lies croupe what we invent through our use of voice communication (137). Foucault provided a new topic for the newly formed notion to be interpreted by future philosophers. Subsequent to Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida reinterpreted some ideas of postmodernism. Unlike Foucault, Derrida had different views on what was in dress about modernism. He focused on defying logocentrism The philosophical method that looks to the news show as the carrier of meaning (141).He began, in a sense, where Kant left of by questioning what foundation can we offer for our use of reason (140). Derrida was faultfinding of Western philosophers in saying that they view writing as a demonstration of speech. He spent his lifetime of work trying to deconstruct the idea that written language represents reality. Unlike Foucault, Derrida did not try to create new ideas for postmodernism on the basis of old ideas he rather deconstructed or disproved the foundations of modernism. Derrida wanted to demolish the modern construct that views philosophy as pure, munificent inquiry (148).Along with that, he also wanted to renounce the popular idea that there is a clear link between language and the external world, (148). Derridas primary polish is to divest us of logocentrism by video display the impossibility of drawing a clear line between reality and our linguistic representations (148). all overall, Derridas target for deconstruction was Western philosophy as a whole. The ideas represented by the philosophy were viewed as hopeless by Derrida. The notions that Derrida brought to the table allowed thinkers to move past the modern ways and seek resort hotel in postmodernism.After Derrida, came a philosopher with a new way of thinking, Richard Rorty. U nlike his predecessors, Rorty evince his belief in a clear style. Rorty is considered to be the central run into behind the renewed interest in the American pragmatist tradition (151). His pragmatist outlook abandoned an Enlightenment idea The mind is the mirror of nature (151). In pragmatism, the view of truth is that it is a result of human convention, thus it is constructed. Similar to Derrida, Rorty believes that language does not have the capability to represent the world accurately.He views language as a device used to satisfy ones wants and needs. Working against modernism, he also states that we give up the idea that the goal of science is to produce models that correspond perfectly with reality (154). Rorty believes that science is just one way to view the world, but there are many other ways to perceive it. Through the work of Foucault, Derrida, and Rorty, a new way of thinking was born which opened the world up for questioning. Postmodernism and Christianity have a work ing relationship. That is, Christians support and also disagree with some postmodern concepts.When postmodernism was first presented as an idea, Christians did not know how to approach it. A anguish that Christians have with the postmodern view is the rejection of meta-narratives. The concept of stories uniting a group as one is the foundation for Christianity. As Grenz states, We simply do not share the despair over the loss of universality that leads to the radical hesitancy of the emerging era (165). In addition to the rejection of meta-narratives, postmodernism focuses on the inability to discover an comprehensive truth. Here lies the major dilemma Christianity has with postmodernity.Christians believe that God includes the truth about everything, but postmodern thinkers do not believe that an all-encompassing truth is possible to reach (163). The postmodern rejection of individualism worries Christians because they moldiness always keep in view the biblical themes of Gods headache for each person, the responsibility of every human before God, and the individual orientation that lies within the salvation message (168). On the other hand, Christians support the rejection of the Enlightenment idea that the rational, scientific method is the sole measure of truth (166).Also, the postmodern denial that all knowledge is good and objective strengthens the ties between Christianity and postmodernism (168). Christians also support the postmodern finding that no person can be separate from creation. As years pass, Christians are more evaluate of postmodern concepts and are more rejecting of the modern ideas they once supported. Grenz view of the postmodern world is acceptable for what society faces today. The postmodern views have been mirrored throughout the public. Even in school, teachers focus more on group projects and group activities rather than the individuals.Children judge each other on the amount of time they unload with others, as opposed to the ability to spend time alone. Now, it is a must for children to always be with their friends. It is also represented in the working world. Bosses would like group presentations rather than individual. Most people do not like to be alone or even to be singled-out. Also, as the frugality is closer to being in a recession, the postmodern idea that the world is not getting better every day is strengthened. People no longer believe that humanity will be able to solve the worlds greatest roblems or even that their economic topographic point will surpass that of their parents, (7). Every day it seems as though the world is not capable to over buzz off what it has started, such as wars. It seems as though the world is no longer a happy place at most times. The postmodern pessimistic view is presented daily. It is awkward for others when people are optimistic about their life. Overall, people seem accepting to the postmodern views. Over the years, the world has seen different phases sweep through, and each one is eventually accepted. The most current themes are modernity and postmodernity.The modern views were set forth by Rene Descartes, Isaac Newton, and Immanuel Kant. Modernism is the idea of focusing on the individual in inwardness of scientific explanations. Also, modern thinkers believe that all knowledge is inherently good. Johann Gottlieb Fichte is partially responsible for the beginning of questioning modernity. Once Fichte opened the doors, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, and Richard Rorty put an end to the modern way of thinking. What their idea created was postmodernity. The postmodern thinker steps absent from the individual, focusing more on group relations.Also, postmodernism denies that all knowledge is essentially good. This new way of thinking has made Christians question how to respond. Christians agree, but also disagree with some of the postmodern views. As a whole, the world has come to terms with postmodernism by accepting it. What is goin g to happen when philosophers begin to question postmodernity? How will the world be viewed once people stop accepting postmodernism? Works Cited Grenz, Stanley J. A Primer on Postmodernism. Grand Rapids William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1996.

Strategic Planning Process

strategic mean Week 1 Keyla (Bolin, Niu) Keiser University MKT531 Marketing Management Dr. Jeff Ritter 03/09/13 Strategic plan Process Strategic preparation is refers to the development of the organizations long- margin goals and put forward into practice (Peter, 2013).Strategic planning schema is the strategy, objectives, environmental factors, it is a process almost the internal conditions and various elements integration and used to postulate the rational allocation of limited resources enterprisingness for a certain expiration of time, in order to reach the goal of the solicitude activities Some mountainous(a) effort have particular plan for next fifth years. Strategic planning digest be separate to three musical nones, the first step is to ensure the objective goals, during the attempt development, it should be meet all physical bodys of challenges that winning achieve the goal.The second step is to formulate the planning, after manger determine the goal, mana ger should consider what measures can be successfully to process the project, this is what I understannd about strategic planning. According to the requirements of the strategic planning, the characteristic about strategic planning can be summarizing by these points (Aldehayyat, & Twaissi, 2011) 1. Strategic planning scheme set broke through the traditional thinking mode which is not planning at present project, but the goals are for initiative succeeding(a) direction of planning and financial.It pays much more attention to how to adjust art environment and innovation. 2. The settings of strategic planning are often light-emitting diode by very few top management leader directly control. It doesnt like short-term business plan by a panoptic range of many people to participate in. 3. The strategic planning system is focus on the changing the external environment and innovation about enterprise, it complicated the possibility of market opportunity which is hard to control and re quires the enterprise have random and rapid response. 4.The strategic planning plan can be set with external environment, business industry structure, customer and challengers information however, the enterprise manager can understand the companionships internal standards through this process. 5. Strategic planning is a big change plan which is teeming to change the enterprise future direction. It is combine with the strategic business goals and strategic key points that will make the enterprise get comprehensive change. The famous managerialist Drucker thinks that the enterprise of top managers first precession is to formulate and implement strategy.Through the companys mission, he thought, to reflect on the basic task of the management, is to put forward such a question our company is what kind of business? It should reach to what kind of business? To this end, enterprises should develop their strategic target, strategic and plan, make decisions for the future. Clearly, this is actually the strategic planning process. From western developed countries the queen-size enterprise, the management strategy is the framework of the strategic plan system.Is not normative system, of course, also can produce excellent strategy? But, regardless of the manner, the formulation of strategic planning system is intertwined in the processes for management activities, and the strategic management plays an big guiding role. It makes enterprises at all levels of staff have been involved in the process. I. e. , the enterprise employees should participate in the formulation or carrying into action of the strategic planning system, its just them to participate in different breaker point of prevention is.Each employee in the enterprise bear the plan the worker roles at the same time, also has the characters such as organizer and commander. In this sense, the enterprise strategic planning system plays a sustained and coordinated the important role of strategic management and daily business activities, also prompted enterprise employees to form a strong cohesion and a sense of be (Robinson, & Pearce, 1988). The effective decision system of corporate strategic planning moldiness start with a strong organization.Enterprises in determining the strategic planning system, the corresponding processes must be designed so that the audit in the enterprise between various departments, as well as the correlation coefficient between their activities and planning, influence each other and mutual dependence. Generally speaking, out-of-pocket to the historical development of each enterprise, decision-making habits, thinking mode of different leaders, led to its approach in formulating strategic planning system is also ifferent. The strategic planning system of the scientific program should be determined base on the each companys actual situation. Enterprise shuffling, family shuffle ( sign) category and product print constitute the brand level, different leve ls of brand both relate to each other, and influence each other (Kraus, & Schwarz, 2006). For display case General motors, the enterprise brand, Chevrolet is general motors family brand (brand) category, and drag in (sail) is the product brand.Gm gives customers the brand association is a U. S. auto giant, a orbicular fortune viosterol companies, has a good reputation, and so on The Chevrolet brand is one of the largest brands, gms global gross revenue volume since introduced the first product in 1912, total sales has more than 100 million vehicles, market coverage to 70 countries, has a record of sales of a new car every 40 seconds. Chevrolet 2004 global sales of more than 3. million units, in the global sales of every 16 a new car is a Chevrolet, Chevrolet brand to the customers brand association is a reliable, pragmatic, intelligent and friendly, full of vitality And sail (sail) brand, convey the differentiation characteristics of the product. The three levels of brand toget her, can put enough brand messages to customers, and make customer to sail (sail) this has just set up soon products produce good brand association and brand identity. References Robinson, R. B. Pearce, j. A. (1988). plotted Patterns of Strategic Behavior and Their Relationship to Busi- ness-Unit Performance.Strategic Management Journal, 9, 43-60. Peter, J. , Donnelly, J. (2013). Marketing Management association and Skills. New York, NY McGraw-Hill. Aldehayyat, j. S. Twaissi, N. (2011). Strategic Planning and Corporate Performance Relationship in Small Business Firms Evidence from a Middle East rustic Context. International Journal of Business and Management, 6 (8), 255-263. Kraus, S. , Harms, R. , Schwarz, E. j. (2006). Strategic Planning in Smaller Enterprises New Empirical Findings. Management Research News, 29 (6), 334-344.

Zombie

The Cranberries provides the right qualities for the 60 legal proceeding segment on investigation of the power of public admit. The combination of a strong message, mighty lyrics and visually dramatic video clip creates a public kick masterpiece. The AIR ceasefire of 1994 can be attributed to the success of public protest attach by The Cranberries in their song Zombie. Over thousands of years, music has been a lead off of human culture and been used to convey different messages.Music has the power to Inspire, shuffle and galvanism people into action. It can be used as a form of public protest to raise awareness of the issue to the full general public and create a worldwide movement for a solution. This is show in the song Zombies by the band The Cranberries, creating a public protest song about the reciprocal acts of rage between the AIR and the British troops. Zombie is centrally about Irish society radiation patternizing war and young children losing their naturalness d ue to the Intense violence.In Ireland, violence was accepted as normal and a part of e preciseday life, this caused young children to commence asininities about violence and its engagement in normal life. Irish children lived a generational perpetuated war, for decades. The Irish Republican Army or AIR committed reciprocally motivated acts of terrorism direct against the British control of Northern Ireland. Zombie makes the point that the boundaries between war and normal life are confused and ambiguous. This blurring created the atmosphere for accepting and excusing the war.The song Zombies uses very strong and powerful lyrics to describe the situation of violence in Ireland. With their tanks ND their bombs, and their bombs and their guns refers to the environment which the Irish people lived in and the lead singer strongly stresses key words like tanks, bombs and guns. The message of nothing has changed is common passim the songs lyrics, Its the same old theme since 1916 which is a direct historical book of facts to the 1916 Easter Rising of the RIB (later known as the AIR) and explains the length of clock time the violence has been effecting Irish society.The lyrics show how the Irish people distance themselves from the violence by saying but you see, its not me, its tot my family, they are implicitly denying the conflict and violence. The Juxtaposition and cross cutting between black and duster shots of children playing and soldiers creates ambiguity between play and war. The strength of the message to the listening is enhanced by the pace at which the shots are screened in synchronicity with the tempo of the music and lyrics. The gold symbolism Is visually dramatic which creates a paradox by contrast to the other bleak Images.Dramatic images are created with Dolores indifferent against the cross, which is a preference to the 1 916 Easter Rising of the RIB. The singer is solely encrusted in gold and surrounded by golden houri like figures which invites multiple references to Greek Mythology. The gold represents Justice, power, strength, purity and value. These visual messages attention deficit hyperactivity disorder complexity and remove the viewer from the immediate clip and instant scholarship by the public, therefore it would be an excellent choice for the 60 minutes special on the power of public protest. The Cranberries hit song Zombies has become an anthem for the worldwide peace movement.

Interview With A Human Resource Middle Manager Essay

Employee motion appraisals are no longer novel practices in the kind resource management field. According to Arthur Sherman, George Bohlander and Scott Snell, employee surgical operation appraisals have been around since the ordinal century and were routinely administered to federal employees in the United States (303). The activity gained vast commendation enough to make it increasingly popular both among clear and large, and public and private organizations.It was non until after World War II, however, that slaying appraisal became widespread and became accepted as a regular subdivision of organization check-up and maintenance (Bohlander). Longenecker and Goff, on the other hand, summarized the oft-cited purposes of performance appraisals in literature. As stated by them, performance appraisals are used to motivate employees, stick out a basis for salary or wage dispensation, facilitate preaching regarding employee concerns, provide data for human resource decision and s erve as communication tool of managers towards their employees.Performance appraisals are response to the ever more competitive pressures in the nature of employment (Murphy and Marguiles 2). There are conglomerate other functions of performance appraisals explained in literatures, yet overall, they generally refer to the purpose of administrative as wellhead as development purposes. I was fit to get an call into question from the Middle Manager of a firm and I was fit to get her opinion regarding their policies in the company and how she treats her batch.She explained furthermore that she employs performance appraisal as a logical part of running their organization, and a means of appraising, developing and maximizing the knowledge and abilities of employeesthe organizations great wealth. It is a basic part of managing human resource in that or so practitioners consider it an indispensable part of maintaining or improving organizational effectiveness.Emily McGregor, a Hum an Resource Deputy Manager of the _____________ stated that the main prey of their performance appraisals is to provide logical judgments so that they can back-up salary increases, promotions, transfers, and terminations. She as well as mentioned that performance appraisals are tools of informing a subordinated about the quality of his go bad and how he can improve in the areas that need change. Lastly, she emphasized that performance appraisals are venues where coaching or counselling sessions between a impress and a subordinate can take place.Those were great words, I guess, and I was awed at the keen intellect this woman possesses. During the course of the interview I was able to record the exact words she said much(prenominal) that I got to listen to it again and looked at how her comments were mortal-centered or position-centered. When one shifts from talk of the town about the topic to talking about the soul, then she is engaging in person-centered comments. These comm ents are more often than not, negative ones. Also, the shift can expiration from a most reasonable discussion into a bitter argument. more or less of these focus on the word You. I also got to look at how she engaged in position-centered communication which emphasized rules and norms that apply regardless of whether or how others are affected by the behavior. The manager told me that she has slowly developed precise communication strategies that help in conflict management and resolution. Her early tuition experiences seem to establish the more generalizable patterns she has used in later years. She states, As I watch and hear my parents manage their own interpersonal and intrapersonal, I have slowly learned through imitation.Moreover, my conflicts are inevitable in any management methods used in these conflicts set patterns for later development. In the course of make out with these conflicts, I have reinforced certain coping styles, often on a partial reinforcement schedule. Thus, I am reinforced for compliance while others are reinforced for defiance, nigh for cooperation and some for the expression of hostility, some for disengagement. Thus, she continued by saying that she confronted one of her supervisors who was not doing well with her job even after several confrontations.I told her, When we engage you for this job, I was emphatic in letting you know that we are a struggling small company. If you are not successful in deliverance in cash, we night as well not be able to make payroll and our other expenses. Thus, after some time, I raise out that there was no more motivated collection person than an employee who was convinced that every non-paying debtor is keeping food out of the mouths of her babies. Certainly, hiring soul to manage receivables and make sure people got paid was a mythologic panache to improve cash flow.But other tricks can be used over the past years which have also achieved important success. For example, Ms. McGregor can be ruthless about cash management. All expenditures moldinessiness be fair(a)ified and smart. All large purchases must include some measure of bargaining or looking for the exceed deal. She tells me that she would tell her people about simply denying credit. She said that as a practice they just simply deny credit on smaller orders. They were willing to resort some customers to make sure that they were fully paid.Looking closely at this interview, one is able to pinpoint the person-centered comments which she used. She comments again when she said that If you are not successful in bringing in cash, we night as well not be able to make payroll and our other expenses. She was rattling stating a fact, but this seemed emphatic and too direct as if the person to whom she was saying it to was to blame for the small cash collections. Her other comments though, were a smaller bit more position-centered as he told the employee in an objective way that, All expenditures must be j ustified and smart. All large purchases must include some measure of bargaining or looking for the best deal. REFERENCES Longenecker, Clinton and Nick Nykodym. Public Sector Performance Appraisal EffectivenessA Case Study. Public Personnel Management. 25(1996) Longenecker, Clinton and Stephen Goff. Performance Appraisal Effectiveness A Matter of Perspective. Management Journal. 57(1992) Murphy, Terrence and Joyce Margulies. Performance Appraisals. ABA practice session law Section. Proc. Of Equal Employment Opportunity Committee Mid-Winter Meeting. 24-27 Mar 2004.

Human behaviour

tender-hearted Behaviour Psychology consort to Sigmund Freud, (1856-1939). homosexual beings atomic number 18 just mechanical creatures, whom he lieus as prisoners of primal instincts and powers, which we contribute b atomic number 18ly control. He states that our purpose is to control these instincts and powers. Freud explained these concepts by study the merciful spirit to an Iceberg. The vlslble part of the Iceberg (spirit) Is the conscious part, which consists of everything we know and immortalise and the thinking processes through which we function. The unconscious part is made up of everything we excite ever learned or experienced, ncluding that which has been forgotten.A part of these forgotten things atomic number 18 re tot on the wholeyy gone, but the largest part of the unconscious has Just been shut out, because It would be annoying to be consciously reminded of it. The influences of Helmholtz are also visible at other points, According to Freud, the material in the unconscious contains psychic energy. This psychic energy is constantly trying to get into the conscious part, while the conscious part keeps using energy to suppress undesirable discoveries. An expression of unnamed powers Is, for example, slips of the tongue.These expressions show that our unconscious was not strong enough to keep these powers removed the conscious part. Philosophers in the seventeenth and eighteenth century (like Descartes and Hobbes) shared a mechanistic view. They thought that some(prenominal) of our actions are the result of internal or external forces, which are not under voluntary control. Hobbes, for example, claimed that underlying reasons for port are the avoidance of pain and the quest for pleasure. The extreme of the mechanistic view Is the theory of instincts. An instinct is an innate biological force, which commands the organism to ehave in a particular expression.The main advocate of the instinct theory was the psychologist McDougall. He hypothesized that all thinking and demeanour is the result of instincts, which are fixed from birth, but which locoweed be adjusted by development and experience. By changes and combinations of instincts he try to explain the whole repertoire of human behavior. Human behavior psychological science Is one of the theories of learning based upon the central Idea that all human behaviors are attained through conditioning. This is also known as behaviorism. learn happens through the nteraction of human beings with the environment.According to human behavior psychology, human behavior can be studied in a systematic, methodical, recognizable and observable modality with no deliberation of internal mental states. Strengths of human behavior psychology/3ehaviorlsm Human behavior psychology is based upon observable and noticeable behaviors, thereof easier to quantify, collect empirical data and Information while conducting interrogation. Behavioral intervention, detail economies , and discrete trial training are some 0T tne erective remealal tecnnlques wnlcn are all rooted Intenslvely In numan ehavior psychology, also commonly known as behaviorism.These techniques are very helpful in changing maladaptive, detrimental or deadly behaviors in both children and adults. Criticisms of human behavior psychology/behaviorism many a(prenominal) detractors point out that human behavior psychology or behaviorism is an exclusively one-dimensional approach to human behavior and thus such human behavioral theories do not account for free go forth and internal influences such as moods, thoughts, feelings, etc. Behaviorism or human behavior psychology does not ccount for further types of learning, in particular learning that occurs lacking the use of reinforcements.Also separates are able to adapt their human behavior when new information is brought in, even if a previous behavior material body has been established over a period of time through reinforcement. Human behavior refers to the range of behaviors exhibited by humans and which are influenced by culture, attitudes, emotions, values, ethics, authority, rapport, hypnosis, persuasion, obsession and/or genetics. The behavior of people (and other organisms or even mechanisms) alls at bottom a range with some behavior being common, some unusual, some acceptable, and some outside acceptable limits.In sociology, behavior in general is characterised as having no meaning, being not directed at other people, and thus is the most basic human action. Behavior in this general champion should not be mistaken with friendly behavior, which is a more move action, as social behavior is behavior specifically directed at other people. The acceptability of behavior depends heavily upon social norms and is regulated by various means of social control. Human ehavior is studied by the specialise academic disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, social work, sociology, economics, and anthropology.Human beha viour is experienced throughout an individuals entire lifetime. It includes the way they act based on diametric factors such as genetics, social norms, core faith, and attitude. Behaviour is impacted by certain traits each individual has. The traits vary from person to person and can produce different actions or behaviour from each person. Social norms also impact behaviour. Due to the inherently conformist nature of uman society in general, humans are pressurised into adjacent certain rules and display certain behaviours in society, which conditions the way people behave.Different behaviours are deemed to be either acceptable or unacceptable in different societies and cultures. Core faith can be perceived through the pietism and philosophy of that individual. It shapes the way a person thinks and this in turn results in different human behaviours. Attitude can be defined as the degree to which the person has a favorable or unfavorable paygrade of the behavior in question. Ones attitude is essentially a reflexion of the behaviour he or she will portray in specific situations.https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_behaviorhttp//www.sooperarticles.com/http//research.easybib.com/research/index/search?search=%22ThinkQuest+Team%22https//moz.com/ugc/how-to-increase-ecommerce-conversion-rates-with-social-proofhttp//study.com/directory/category/Psychology/Psychology_and_Human_Behavior/Environmental_Psychology.html

Contribution of women in the agriculture according to the sub-sectors Essay

craw Production In Bangladesh, a common social perception exists agree to which wo men in the farm crime syndicates do non perform field and foodstuff dress and Men do not undertake most of the ample activities carried out in the proximity of the homestead. But in reality among paltry households, such clearly demarcated gender divisions of labor do not apply. The tralatitious gender relations with womens involvement in post-harvest work and mens in fieldwork grant not re of imported static over time.Presently, due(p) to extreme poverty and a food crisis, social norms and traditions argon ever-changing and women are appearing in the field as well. About 60-70% of women from landless and near-landless households work as agricultural wage laborers, whereas women from larger farms do not participate in field activities. In the Grameen Krishi Foundation working areas in North-West Bangladesh, women equally share all tasks in rice production, eve the presumably male task of irr igation. Forestry Women use the forest products for food, fuel as well as for handicrafts.Women in rural Bangladesh are trusty for obtaining the household fuel supply. They collect firewood from the forests. A traditional post of Bangladeshi women is stack away dung for fuel from the forests where cattle graze. Cow dung is the largest source (6. 6 million ton or 26% in 1992-93) of traditional fuels in the unorganized sector. Women also have a major role in homestead forestry. Livestock In Bangladesh, women are in general responsible for livestock and poultry rearing. Poultry rearing is a traditional performance performed by women for income generation.Feeding livestock, cleaning sheds, securing them properly for the night, and health care are the activities performed by women. Men are involved in the heavy work with the animals such as taking them out of the compound. Owing to their crucial role in livestock care, women are generally consulted while buying and interchange the l ivestock. Women take care of the farmyard manure collection thus reducing recycling, which has important consequences for soil fertility. Fisheries Women in Bangladesh have diversified roles in fisheries, with substantial affaire in small-scale fisheries.In Barisal and Rajashahi districts, women catch fish. They, to a large extent, expatriate out the drying, curing, and marketing of fish as hawkers, stall keepers in imperishable market tapers and weekly bazaars. The majority of the employees in shrimp processing plants in Chittagong and Khulna are women. Women are also predominantly involved in net-making, the main income generating occupation in many families, and freshwater fish farming (FAO, 1980). Women have traditionally participated primarily as family labor in preparing fish nets and, in some areas, in fish processing.In some nongovernmental organization and establishment programs, women from landless households cultivate fish individually or jointly in leased ponds, ei ther within or near the homestead. Contribution of agribusiness in National Export-Earnings Agriculture of Bangladesh has not occupied an important place in the external trade yet. Contribution of agriculture to the export gelt even now is not so signifi privyt, still the potential of agro-based/ agro polished products is becoming visible now and there are valid reasons as to why this sub-sector should get due attention of the policy makers, trade bodies as well as producers/ exporters.Bangladesh as most of the LDC and net food import developing countries has conflicting interests on many issues of agricultural negotiations, particularly on food security and market access perspective. Agriculture contributes about 9% of the world trade, but the world trade in agriculture was never run under a free trade regime. Budget yr Export-Earnings from Agriculture Rate of Export-Earnings 1991-92 268 13. 44 1992-93 314 13. 17 1993-94 347 13. 69 1994-95 452 13. 01 1995-96 476 12. 25 1996-97 526 11. 88 1997-98 502 9. 70.1998-99 422 7. 92 1999-00 440 8. 15 2000-01 484 7. 48 2001-02 390 6. 51 2002-03 462 7. 59 2003-04 553 7. 84 2004-05 310 5. 35 Fig Contribution of Agriculture in Export Earning Contribution of agriculture in character market Agro finances a very more than important part of the agriculture. And a huge amount of agri financing comes from the stick loans which is both Government and Non Government bank loan. Besides many NGOs are also giving agricultural loan. So that it can be said that agriculture has a number of shares in the assign market.It has been concluded in different studies that the agricultural credit advanced by the financial institutions (banks) is not easily available to the farmers. On the other hand, Grameen fix and quite a number of NGOs are giving credit to the farmers, although frequently of that credit is being used for non-agricultural purposes. However, the major proportion of agricultural credit still comes from the financial in stitutions. But the amount of credit that is available from this institutional source fulfills only an insignificant portion of the total credit requirement.

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal

Gay jointure should be legalized. Our civil rights and the Constitution give us many an(prenominal) liberties. One of our civil liberties is the pursuit of happiness, which homo sexual multitude ar non allowed to chase. They foundationnot be married to the person they get laid and it violates their freedoms. According to professorshouse. com, In Alaska, Nevada, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Nebraska, Missouri, Michigan, North Dakota, Ohio, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Kansas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas, and Alabama, not only is festal wedding banned, but so are civil partnerships. The 1st amendment of the Constitution states that a persons religious beliefs or a lack of in that locationof must be protected. Legislatures also cannot discriminate against married couples of the minority party which, homosexual heap travel by into that category. There is also an amendment stating there is separation of church and state, so you cannot say that a marriage is a gift f rom God. Others might ask wherefore funny marriage should be legalized, but my question is this wherefore should former(a) people be able to choose who marries who? If a man and a woman get married, no unmatched seems to care.They are two people who feel affection for one an other and those two people desire to start a family. If we change the scenario a little bit and a man and a man, or a woman and a woman, show to get married it causes uproar. They are not allowed to be married or raise a family together. Imagine waking up one day to a creative activity that was completely opposite from the world we went to sleep in, substance jocund people are now satisfying and all reliable people are now aerial. Do you think the newly straight people would fight for the newly homosexual peoples rights?the States is the land of the free, but we are not free to marry whomever we would like. by and by everyaffair straight people establish put homosexual people through, in this scena rio, homosexual people would most likely vote for their rights because they would want their rights to be voted for. We are equals in this world whether we are Black, W snape, Hispanic, Indian, or any other race for that matter. Why should we not be equals base on sexual orientation? In a marriage there is one thing that truly matters love.Yes, other things are important too, but not one couple would make it to even asking someone to marry them if there was not some love. Las Vegas, Nevada is also known for macrocosm the place where many weddings occur which are annulled within one week. These marriages are not based off love, but simply a drunken night in Vegas. High divorce rates weaken what a marriage is specify as. Why are we not able to rewrite what a marriage stands for and make it include a homosexual marriage? The definition of love, consort to dictionary. com is as follows Very strong affection an intense feeling of extend affection and compassion. If unfearing people feel this way and so why shouldnt they be able to be married? If they are happy with each other, said persons should be able to marry. California, Hawaii, New York, and the District of capital of South Carolina all fork over domestic partnership laws and civil partnerships meaning it is about a marriage without the matrimony. Civil partnerships also give couples the ability to have joint bank accounts, live in the same house, and pay bills together. homo couples are not entitled to this in most states. Marriage benefits should be available to all couples, no matter what.In places where gay marriages are banned, the gay couples are not able to have the same benefits as others. When file for health care or insurance through a job, gay couples are not able to add each other on. intimately loved ones, such as a spouse or a child, in a straight marriage, can make life repair decisions in a hospital if need be. Since gay marriage is not legal, said persons spouse is not recognized as their next of kin and care is delayed. Who would be affected if homosexual marriage was legalized? No one. Everyone believes there is one person who is out there to love us.Gay people feel the same way. Parenthood is a benefit of marriage and gay couples cannot have children by themselves, without some type of help, so they date to adoption agencies. In some cases gay couples are put on longer waiting lists or denied completely. There are other benefits to being married as well, such as tax breaks. On the website professorshouse. com it reads, When we hit our mid-thirties, we wanted only true friendships- friendships that were durable. This is a perfect example of matrimony and what it should be based on. . According to dictionary. om a marriage is, The legal or religious ceremony that formalizes the decision of two people to live as a married couple, including the accompanying social festivities. If this is a marriage why are gay people not included in this? up to now though gay marriage should be legalized, some people have different beliefs. In most religions including, Christianity, Islam, and Orthodox Judaism same sex preferences are a sin. People believe in procreation to repopulate the world, but are against gay marriage and homosexuals adopting children because they cannot procreate on their own.If this is a stand channelise on making or breaking gay marriage then only people who are fertile and want to procreate should be able to get married according to this bias. America has never in truth given gay marriage a chance, but they believe gay marriage testament weaken its institution by leading to elevated divorce rates. On loveandpride. com I read, One reason legislatures are denying gay marriage is because they are fearful that opening the door to allowing gay marriages give open the door to polygamy as well. This would also mean reopening cases about polygamy in the past which they are not willing to do. Others are fearful for childrens f utures and they fear being raised by two fathers or by two mothers may compromise childrens mental capacities. Even though to most people gay marriage should be illegal and should interference in its current state, I believe we need to change the world for future generations. We feared that different religions were going to clash, but now all of the religions coexist. snow-clad people had Black and Hispanic slaves, but we overcame the odds and now whiteness men, Black men, and Hispanic men can be equals.If it is possible to cross such fierce obstacles then we can overcome the boundary obstructing gay marriages and straight marriages alike. Gay marriage should be legalized for these reasons. Evolution will of all time continue and at any given point in time, something will occur that we will not like in this world, but we can overcome this. Gay marriage is a controversial issue that people have been fighting for years and it has finally come to the surface. We should take vote do wn of it.

Hotels and the Environment

HOTEL INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT By VASUNDHARA TANWAR LITERATURE REVIEW When we need words of hotels we never think that or so topic like that could keep an bear on on the environment and hoi polloi would spend millions of rupees and infinite number of hours to deal with this so c completelyed usurpation. However this is absolutely the case. The seemingly small problem is literally pickings the earth by storm. So much so that theme g everyplacenments, hotels and regular(a) the UN atomic number 18 taking locomote in order to find solutions to this problem.Extensive research has been d single(a) in the recent years by economists and scientists etc to come up with the nearly sustainable slipway to run hotels since the degradation of the environment is a study arrest-to doe with worldwide. Papers like An analysis of environmental man eonment, organizational context and instruction execution of Spanish hotels by M. J. Alv arz which addresses the factors that determine the deployment of environmental focal point practices and its effect on firms financial performance suck been create.Results find support for the notion that age of facilities, size, arrange affiliation, stakeh cured environmental nips, and their example of trading trading operations focussing techniques exert a lasting influence on the degree of implementation of environmental management practices by hotel firms. Moreover, findings show a positive relationship between environmental management practices and firms financial performance. Various separate economists in contrastive countries have drawn similar conclusions. The United Nations environment programme withal published a guide how the hotel and tourism assiduity apprise protect the oz whizz amicable class.environmental Good Practice in Hotels, published by UNEP IE and the outside(a) Hotel & Restaurant Association (IH&RA), presents 15 case studies selected from the IH&RA annual environmental Award. The case studies document environmental programmes initiated by in accountent hotels and international set up across the globe in Australia, Asia, Africa, Europe and North America. Action celestial orbits accommodate environmental policy, design and kind system, peeing, zippo, glom, emissions, buy, staff training, and guest communication. The range of environmental initiatives have is extensive, from simple recycling easures to pee system conservation using the recentlyst technology, and from resorts strengthened to strict environmental guidelines, to small hotels where the own(prenominal) commitment of the general theatre director drives environmental activities. All case studies juicy light-colored the environmental and economic benefits gained by the actions taken. Also included argon examples of environmental initiatives taken by national hotel associations, and a list of sources on environmental management publications and programmes in the hotel assiduity. These be just some examples of what is being said and d i by organizations that get a line what is going on.The actual participants, the hotels, argon also not far behind. m either hotels have come up with various innovative ways to tolerate to the betterment of the environment. nearly of them have won various awards for this really purpose. Hotels instanter days strive to achieve the ECOTEL certification which is primarily the hallmark for environmentally sensitive hotels. One of the pioneers in much(prenominal) activities would be the orchid comp any of hotels. However, on that point are early(a)s that strive to achieve excellence in this develop and some have been quite successful too. INTRODUCTION Most countries swan heavily on the services empyrean for its growth.A major part of this sector is tourism. touristry is one of the leading growth sectors of the economy and brings in billions of dollars for create countries. When we talk ab out(p) tourism we back end hardly iso late it from talk of hotels. Hotels in a sense are synonymous with tourism and one cannot be talked virtually without reference to the other. The growth of the tourism industry has greatly increased the amount of stress on the environment. Now each(prenominal) undivided has varying degrees of pretend on the environment which largely depends on the personal fillings made by individuals and is scattered world over. The same is true for hotels.They have an effect on the biodiversity right from its conception. This makes it clamant for us to study just without delay how and where do hotels affect our environment, what can be done to reduce this impact and how aware is the authoritative generation of hotels regarding this sur governing body. Taking the example of India we see that as a result of increasing tourism in Goa, developers built some(prenominal) hotels. The hotels soon drew up to 66,000 gallons of water per day from considerably(p)s and other local sources. Many of the wells and rivers the community had relied on went dry. This is a commons problem in many areas where tourism runs into the limits of natural resources.With various such instances in several parts of the world today, ECOTOURISMtourism that is nature-oriented and environmentally poreis growing rapidly. This represents a growing marketplace for environmentally friendly options in the tourism industry. Ecotourism aside, many in the hotel industry have recognized the interdict impact their business activities have on the environment and have taken action to alleviate those impacts. Environmentally prudent business practices dovetail well with the newfound popularity of ecotourism. They harmonize tourism and environmental sustainability.This awareness has given inauguration to what can be called the GREEN HOTELS. The term jet-propelled plane hotels describes hotels that strive to be more environment friendly through the efficient phthisis of energy, water, and materials mag ical spell providing quality services. viridity hotels conserve and preserve by saving water, reduce energy use, and reducing solid devour. They have seen benefits such as cut courts and liabilities, high return and low- endangerment investments, increased profits, and positive cash flows. Identifying these benefits and incentives has willed the popularity of green hotels to grow. Hotels are consistently becoming greener.The close to costly and barrenful use of resources in hotels are commonly in the consumption of nonrenewable energy, lush water use, and the generation of waste. Through this paper we would try to point out the complex nature of the impact that hotels have on our environment and the steps that can be taken in order to minimize this impact as much as thinkable. We would also like to shed light on the shape that has already been done in this field by various hotels and organizations. Many organizations have done commendable work in trying to reduce their e cological footprint and have, in some sense, aim pioneers and inspiration for others.For instance, the orchid group of hotels is pretty known for the kind of work it does. IMPACTS Tourism has a fairly large environmental footprint. Hotels, being at the heart of it, shoulder the responsibility for this. The under quoteed table shows that hotels are responsible for 21% of total emissions overprotectd by tourism industry. These just constitute one part of their impact which in reality has many layers and levels to it. The hotels have an impact on the biodiversity at each stage of its life cycle, right from readying to its cylinder block.These impacts could be summarized as follows At the planning stage, the most important issue in determining the level of impact that a hotel pass on have relates to choices about its repair and design. Even the most sustainably operated hotel leave behind have major impacts if it is built in a biodiversity-sensitive area. Choices about the mater ials that will be employ to construct the hotel, where those materials will come from and the total physical footprint of the hotel will also influence how of import its impacts will be in the practicable stage.At the tress stage, impact is determined by the size and location of the area cleared for development and where building activities are taking place, the choice of construction methods, the sources and amount and type of materials, water and energy use to build the hotel, the location of temporary camps for construction workers, inadequate storage facilities for construction materials, the amount of construction waste that has to be disposed of, and other types of damage such as surface soil erosion or fusionion caused by construction activities or disruption of natural water flows and drainage patterns.In the working(a) stage, a hotels impact comes principally from the energy, water, food and other resources that are consumed in rail the hotel, by the solid and liqu id wastes it produces, by the way its grounds are managed, and by the direct impacts of its guests. In addition, regular renovation and replacement of furniture, appliances and facilities can cause impacts through purchasing choices and increased waste generation.Using energy and water more efficiently, using organic and sustainably produced food, reducing, treating and disposing of waste appropriately, making sustainable purchasing decisions and managing gardens with natural-style plantings can all care a hotel to reduce its adverse impacts on biodiversity. Similarly, a hotels relationship with host communities not only affects the sustainable operations of the hotel but also the use of environmental resources by communities themselves. At the closure stage, a hotels impacts come from the disposal of materials removed from the hotel to refurbish it, convert it for other uses, or demolish it, nd from the work involved in these activities. It whitethorn be possible to reuse and recy cle some materials, but there may also be some toxic materials, particularly from older buildings, which will require careful handling and management. A responsible hotel agent should also foresee supporting activities of ecological restoration as indispensable. amenable siting and design, the effective management of energy and water consumption, and the proper disposal of sewer water and solid waste are important challenges for any hotel hoping to improve the sustainability of its operations.Now even though a hotel has environmental impact through different stages of its lifecycle the most easily cited and the longest tally impact that they have is at their operational stage since once a hotel has been built, it stays in the business for rattling many years under normal circumstances. The day to day running has impacts which are a lot times ignored in the boilersuit picture. This mostly becomes the case because individually, hotels do not have a significant impact on the env ironment. Collectively however, they can be very wasteful and use huge amount of resources.It has been estimated that seventy-five percent of hotels environmental impacts can be directly related to excessive consumption. This is wasteful in term of resources and creates unnecessary operational be. The three key areas of environmental impact are energy, water, and waste. Energy Excessive energy use is extremely costly and with underage adjustments, it can lead to massive cost savings. According to Gossling et. al. (2005), the modal(a) energy consumption per bed per night in hotels might be in the order of 130 Mega joules.Hotels generally use more energy per visitant that local residents, as they have energy intense facilities, such as breaks, restaurants, and pools, and have more spacious rooms. Studies have determined that a hotel emits an average 20. 6 kg of carbon dioxide per night. Waste A study conducted by Bohdanowicz(2005) also indentified that hotels are not only resou rce intensive and that waste generation is on e of the most visible effects on the environment. One estimate identified that an average hotel produces in excess of one kilogram of waste per guest per day.Approximately thirty percent of waste in hotels can be diverted through reuse and recycling. irrigate Tourists and residents alike require a clean and dependable depict of water for survival including drinking, cooking and cleansing. However, water is integral to the amenities usually judge by tourists, such as swimming pools, landscaped gardens, and golf courses. weewee also supports industries such as agriculture that support the tourism industry (Pigram, 1995). Thus, tourists demand more water than local resident s on a per capita basis (Essex, Kent Newnham, 2004).It has been estimated by Salen (1995) that 15,000 cubic meters of water would typically supply 100 rural farmers for three years and 100 urban families for devil years, yet only supply 100 luxury hotel guests for less than 2 months (Holden, 2000). In dryer regions, tourists water consumption can amount to 440 liters a day per tourist, which is almost double the average amount of water used by residents in Spain (UNEP, 2008). In destinations that do not have the required infrastructure and systems to manage these impacts, severe degradation of the environment can occur.The following table summarizes the environmental impact of the day to day workings of any hotel Service/Activity Description Main Environmental restores governance Hotel management Reception of clients Energy, water and materials (mainly paper) Generation of waste and barbaric waste (toner cartridges) skillful Services Equipment for producing hot water and heating Air characteriseing excitement Swimming pools Green areas Mice and insect extermination Repairs and maintenance Energy and water consumption Consumption and generation of a wide range of unwarranted products Air and soil emissionsGeneration of waste water Pest icides use Restaurant/bar Breakfast, lunch, dinner Beverages and snacks Energy, water and raw materials consumption Packaging waste perfect waste Kitchen Food conservation Food preparation Dish rinse Consumption of energy and water Packaging waste Oil waste Organic waste Generation of odours Room Use Use by guests Products for guests use Housekeeping Energy, water and raw materials consumption Use of hazardous products Generation of waste packaging Generation of waste water washing Washing and ironing of guest clothesWashing and ironing of hotel linens Consumption of energy and water Use of hazardous cleaning products Generation of waste water (Graci, 2009) This gives us a clear enough picture of the ecological impacts of hotels. Thus it becomes imperative that each hotel recognizes them and takes initiative to curb these impacts. With the growth of the tourism sector all over the world and with more and more hotels coming up each day these small things become issues of epic prop ortions when looked at collectively. In a time when our environment is in a very fragile condition one cant ignore such a situation.The in the archetypical place hotels realize this the better it would be. However, these issues were not even brought to light till very recently. The annual hospitality consultants conference in 2007 did not even mention any of the environmental issues that plagued hotels in their top 10 problems of the industry. BEST PRACTICES in that location are many green practices that hotels can implement and they also help fulfil unnecessary costs. There can be many ways in which a hotel can reduce its footprint. Some of them can be * Not discharging waste in water bodies prevents pollution. * Recycling Use of compact fluorescent lights saves energy. * Reuse of linens saves water, detergent, energy and greenhouse gases. * Low-flow shower systems saves water and energy. * topical anesthetic products save transportation costs. * Installation of green ro ofs saves energy. * Installation of solar heaters or other renewable energy source saves energy. These points are just a brief outline to what can really be done in order to go green. The possibilities as such are endless. There are some more sophisticated and cost heavy methods that can also be undertaken. BENEFITS OF GOING GREENCost benefits Financial savings are one of the most significant factors that influence the implementation of environmental initiatives in a hotel. This is in particular evident for hotel businesses that operate in a highly competitive market and where the cost of energy, water and waste disposal are high. Hotel operators that can maximise their efficiency and reduce waste will be more cost-efficient than their competitors. Hotels also use large amounts of energy to keep guests cool in hot temperatures, and equally large amounts of energy to keep them warm during the winter.In some destinations, hotels place an additional, sometimes unsustainable demand on local water resources and generate large quantities of food and packaging waste. Despite the setup costs and the possible lengthy return on investment associated with environmental initiatives, the economic benefits usually outweigh the cost of implementation. Starting with projects that are less capital intensive such as retrofitting light bulbs, energy metering, and training staff to be conscious of energy use can lead to meaty cost savings. Competitive advantageGreen programs can provide a competitive advantage to leaders as long as green activities continue to be voluntary. everyplace time, however, green practices in the hospitality industry will become a baseline requirement, particularly as the cost of non-renewable energy continues to rise, regulatory pressure increases, and consumers become more demanding. Therefore, hotels with business models that revolve somewhat green practices will have the strongest opportunity to achieve a competitive advantage by being ahea d of the rising sustainability curve. Employee retentionEmployees are identified as one of the greatest benefits of going green. Employees, like hotel guests, are more and more sophisticated and tuned into current thinking in society and are far more in all probability to identify with an employer whose principles and practices are aligned with their values. Environmental programs have proved to be an effective means of generating enthusiasm and motivating staff to work as a team to achieve a common purpose. Many hotel companies use environmental programs as a staff incentive the financial savings earned are translated into cash or other rewards such as in-house events or trips.Employee turnover rate in the hotel sector is relatively high therefore increasing the retention rate will also save the business money in training of new staff. Customer inscription There has been a shift in the demandations and demands of consumers. The typical hotel guest of today is more sophisticat ed and to varying degrees is likely to be concerned about environmental issues such as recycling bottles, cans and paper at fireside as well as making greener lifestyle choices, such as organic food or fuel-efficient vehicles.Many guests however, make their decision to stay at a hotel facility based on location, amenities, and service. The implementation of environmental initiatives may play a smaller role in a guests choice of a property. The influence from customers however occurs when their level of awareness increases and they come to expect environmental practices such as recycling. Despite first-time guests basing their decisions on location, amenities and service, customer loyalty may increase once they have experienced a hotel which has demonstrated a level of environmental commitment.Regulatory compliance Hotels must rest future regulatory changes and implement initiatives to mitigate the possible costly effects of emerging regulation. Savvy businesses are aware that reg ulations do not have to be a prejudicial restraint on their daily operations in fact, they can offer opportunities to gain an advantage over competitors. Some environmental regulations are good for economic competition as they attain innovation that can offset the cost of compliance. By implementing measures in the face of societal and egulatory pressures, unexpected, but substantial cost savings as well as potential new areas of profit may be found. The hotel industry worldwide is increasingly being regulated for waste, water, energy use and greenhouse gas emission. Being aware of pending rule changes will allow you to adopt measures in advance, and avoid potentially higher future costs which may be associated with compliance. Risk management Risk minimization is now viewed as increasingly intertwined with good corporate social responsibility and governance.Managing risk is as much about minimizing the potential damage from decisions and actions taken from indoors a company as it is about managing external exposure. Traditionally, a hotels risk management strategy has been focused on health and safety concerns around food and water, pest infestation, fire or water damage, outbreaks of disease, and guest tribute and safety. In recent years however, environmental and social issues are emerging as a key risk issue for the lodging sector. Environmental risks include * Water and land contamination. * Air and noise pollution. Supply chain environmental practices. * Waste management. Environmental risks also have an impact on the cost of capital for businesses of various types and sizes, and may affect the value of a company over the long term. In addition, the investment community is increasingly regarding excellence in environmental management and performance as an reading of the quality and aptitude of management in general. Some insurance companies and lenders are beginning to selectively adjust their rates based on environmental criteria stipulated by eth ical funds.Companies that integrate the environment into their business decisions and reduce their environmental risk and potential liabilities are in a better define to secure investment and reduce their financial and reputational market exposure (Graci and Dodds, 2009). exercise its the right thing to do Beyond regulation and compliance, many environmental and social initiatives are voluntary. Whether driven by cost savings or a principled strategy, the hotel industry is recognizing the environment, the community and their human capital as a valuable resource to be protected.Long-term business sustainability will depend on this. Many hotels have implemented social initiatives and corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their regular day-to-day practices. collective social responsibility in the hotel industry ideally exists in human resources management, the local community, and through promoting and practicing environmental initiatives and is heavily influenced by internal a nd external forces. CSR has been widely expanding throughout the hotel industry, mainly to prove that corporate unethical behavior is no longer a problem.Thus, hotels are embarking on being ethical through social initiatives by protecting and supporting communities, their human resources, and by implementing environmental initiatives. Many international and local hotels are becoming involved in corporate social responsibility in order to extend their brand knowledge to different types of audiences, to gain employee retention and improved competitive advantage, and lastly because it is the right thing to do. Sixty-five percent of the top 100 companies in the world employ some sort of corporate social responsibility command featured on their websites.Several multinational companies have gained a very negative brand reputation based on their past unethical practices. queen-sizedger companies have been criticized as being the main culprit in let go of excess greenhouse emissions, cli mate change, environmental devastation, and unfair treatment of employees. imputable to such criticisms and negative publicity, many businesses have increased the focus on corporate social responsibility. HIGH ACHIEVERS When it comes to hotels that are environmentally sustainable the first name that comes to mind is the Orchid group of hotels.The Orchidbecame Asias first flipper Star hotel to win the ECOTEL certification shortly after opening in May of 1997 and today (January 2011) is the only Hotel in the World to win over80international / national awards in 13 years from inception. on a lower floor the management ofThe OrchidOwner Vithal Kamat, the hotel has earned more environmental accolades than any other hotel in the world. With this latest achievement,The Orchidbecomes one of only half a dozen hotels in the world to maintain top-level, five-globe, ECOTEL-Certification. Though orchid group is a pioneer in environmentally friendly hotels, others ave also done substantial wor k. The fern group of hotels in India being one of them. The Uppal in New Delhi, Seasons in Pune etc are other ecotel hotels. Various international hotels are also actively involved in such projects that put environmental sustainability at its fore. In conclusion it can be said that though environmental sustainability is big problem that is plaguing the hospitality industry, its still not too late to correct the situation. References * www. uneptie. org * http//www. concepthospitality. com * Accor 2010, Child Protection.Retrieved February 04, 2010 fromhttp//www. accor. com/en/sustainable-development/ego-priorities/child-protection. html * Alexander, S 2002, Green Hotels Opportunities and Resources for Success. Portland nobody Waste Alliance. * Bohdanowicz, P 2005, European Hoteliers Environmental Attitudes Greening the Business, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 188-204. * Bohdanowicz, P 2006, Environmental Awareness and Initiatives in the Sw edish and round off Hotel Industries Survey Results International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 662-668. * Bohdanowicz, P. and Zientara, P. 2008, Corporate complaisant Responsibility in Hospitality Issues and Implications. A Case Study of Scandic Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 271-293. * Brebbia, C. A. and Pineda, F. D. 2004, Sustainable Tourism. WIT Press, Boston. * Claver- Cortes, E. , Molina-Azorin, J. F. Pereira-Moliner, J. , Lopez-Gamero, M. D. 2007, Environmental Strategies and Their Impact on Hotel Performance Journal of Sustainable Tourism. , vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 663-679. * Dodds, R. 005, Barriers to the Implementation of Sustainable Tourism Policy in Destinations. University of Surrey School of Management, Surrey. * Essex, S. , Kent, M. , Newnham, R. 2004, Tourism development in Mallorca Is water supply a constraint? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol 12, no. 1, pp. 4-28. * Fairmont Hotel and Resorts 2001, Th e Green Partnership Guide. A Practical Guide to Greening your Hotel, 2nd edition, Toronto * Fairmont Hotels and Resorts 2008, Corporate Responsibility. Retrieved February 04, 2010, fromhttp//www. fairmont. com/EN_FA/AboutFairmont/enviroment/Awards/CorporateEn

Qwl Journal of Management and Business Research

world(a) daybook of attention and line of descent inquiry tidy sum 12 come to the fore 18 variant 1. 0 course of theater of operations 2012 Type Double Blind Peer palingenesised International Research journal Publisher globular Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN 2249-4588 & Print ISSN 0975-5853 federal agents touching tincture of solve bearing An epitome on Employees of mystical hold in Companies in Bangladesh By Mohammad Baitul Islam East West University (EWU, BD) Abstract eccentric of rifle t adept is a critical concept with having lots of importance in employees sustenance. tonicity of regulate manner indicates a comme il faut equalizer both in bring and private brio which in addition meet make-upal productivity and employees gambol enjoyment. This research watch assay to find forbidden the factors that abide an sham and signifi tummyce make on gauge of pass water demeanor of employees in private confine companies of Bangladesh. To dismo unt with the factors argon identified by means of literature analyze and current scene of Bangladesh. Seven factors were found and a quantitative research was make. After evolution a questionnaire, survey was conducted among one C employees.The outcome of the research is that 6er out of seven factors ( pass water load, family manners, merchant marine, compensation polity and benefits, on the job(p) milieu, turn tailing prep ar and occupational group festering) mystify signifi squirtt deflect on step of field smell. The study concluded that an appropriate makeup culture, compensation policy, c beer growth and congeneric facilities arouse leads to a meet employee mindset which ensure the overall governance productivity. Keywords Quality of subject field invigoration, barter satisfaction, Organization Productivity, C areer, Organization Culture, Relative Facility.GJMBR-A Classification FOR Code 150305, 150311 JEL Code J28, O15 Factors modify Quality of induce animation An digest on Employees of Private special Companies in Bangladesh Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of 2012. Mohammad Baitul Islam. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3. 0 Unported License http//creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3. 0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original performance is properly cited. phone line precaution Study GuideFactors Affecting Quality of diddle conduct An compendium on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Mohammad Baitul Islam Abstract Quality of wee-wee sprightliness storytime is a critical concept with having lots of importance in employees demeanor. Quality of give out intent indicates a proper end both in move around and personal support which withal ensure cheekal productivity and employees job satisfaction. This research study attempted to find out the factors that hurt an impact and import influence on var. out of course life of employees in private particular companies of Bangladesh.To fix with the factors are identified through literature review and current context of Bangladesh. Seven factors were found and a quantitative research was through with(p). After developing a questionnaire, survey was conducted among 100 employees. The outcome of the research is that six out of seven factors ( extend load, family life, merchant vessels, compensation policy and benefits, functional environs, departs condition and career growth) have significant influence on caliber of utilisation life.The study concluded that an appropriate organization culture, compensation policy, career growth and relative facilities can leads to a well- false employee mindset which ensure the overall organization productivity. Keywords Quality of work life, Job satisfaction, Organization Productivity, Career, Organization Culture, R elative Facility. II. context of the Study n Bangladesh a advantageously number of people are works in private orbit and they contribute a certain level of valuable time to their companies.In there, they give their best effort to becharm an appreciation and for societys estimable leave. But eccentric of work life is such a concept which needfully a certain eternal rest both in professional and personal life. This research is all slightly identifying the factors that immediately affects ones fictional character of work life. It is very definitive to have a substantiating calibre of work life get a line if mortal wants to give his or her 100 percent effort to the company.Quality of work life is a philosophy or set of principals which holds that people are trus tworthy, responsible and capable of devising valuable contribution to the organization (Rose, Beh, Uli & Idris, 2006). moreover, fictional character of work life is at present influenced by job satisfaction and outside(a) milieu and personal like. There should have be a proper level of balance in work life and total life space. In my research, I have identified some major factors that power BBA (Marketing & HRM) & MBA (HRM), East West University (EWU, BD).PGD (Marketing Management), Bangladesh Institute of Management (BIM, BD). E-mail emailprotected com I I. introduction It is very central for employees to have a sound mindset in their work field in order to utilize their full electromotive force and to add shelter to the organization. A satisfied employee is an asset for a company as he or she ordain ensure the full productivity. To begin with, fibre of work life is such a concept that like a shot cogitate to the satisfaction. fit to Dolan, Garcia, Cabezas and Tzafrir (2008), choice of work life is a major head ache for employees and how organizations compact with this issue is both of academic and practical consequence. Therefore, job satisfaction and satisfaction in private life both are substantial for having a positive lumber of work life experience. Mostly the fictitious character of work life flip overs the work life and it is to change the climate at work along with military personnel-technological-organizational interface (Luthans, 1995).According to (Davis & Cherns, 1975 Sashkin & Burke, 1987), quality of work life is not only enhancing the companys productivity but also employee recognition and a sense of belonging and pride in their work. found on various researches we can identify some determinants of quality of work life which are adequate and fair compensation, safe and health work environment, prospect for career growth and security measures, social integration in the work organization which relates to freedom of speech, work and total life space and the social relevancy to the work. 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume cardinal disclose cardinal Version I may direct ly affect the quality of work life experience and the factors are, work load, functionals condition and career growth, compensation and benefits, working environment which are directly influence the job satisfaction. These factors are controllable by the company. Besides, family life and conveyancing facilities are the other factors that directly influenced individuals cordial need in Bangladesh.However, the meaning of quality of work life may motley to different people. So the primary objective of this research is to probe the reliableness of identified factors that influenced the quality of work life and the insights are captured from the employees of private limited companies of Bangladesh. found on the primary objective and data evaluation, a good word has been drawn in my research. Year 2012 23 Factors Affecting Quality of control manner An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 24 2Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume dozen Issue XVIII Version I In Bangladesh candidates submit is more than the demand therefore it is difficult to find ones suitable job in the market. Though the private companies are change magnitude but employee satisfaction is still a major stir for quality of work life. Along with that, in Bangladesh employee satisfaction can be hampered by private life also. transferral engagement is a major get down of private life and in Bangladesh lack of transportation forwardness is a vital issue for late coming in the office.In this study I have include family life and transportation facility in to the quality of work life concept. These two factors are also related to mental health of employees and a sound mental health is very outstanding to gain enthusiasm in the work. However, I have also included some other factors which works inside the organization and also related to quality of work life of employees. In the context of quality of work life, organizations have policies and b enefits for proper employee valuation.Quality of work life is often considered in two heraldic bearing, one is to removal of negative aspects of work and working conditions and other direction is the variety of work and working conditions to enhance the capacitance of employees and to promote expression which pregnant for individual and society (Kotze, 2005). According to Dessler (1981), quality of work life was seen as the level to which employees are able to satisfy their personal needs not only in terms of material matters but also of self respect, contentment and an opportunity to use their talents make contribution and for personal growth.So it is very essential for an organization to provide employees proper valuation which will satisfy them and will ensure the productivity. III. ? Research Objectives a) Broad Objectives Determining the Factors Affecting Quality of cook Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh. b) Specific Objectives ? ? ? ? Determining the variables that affect the quality of work life of employees. Determining which variable plays the most significant quality on quality of work life.Establishing shot on the basis of the research work. Drawing a qualitative and quantitative conclusion on the basis of the survey. IV. Literature Review Based on researchers psychoanalysis numerical articles have been written on quality of work life. In case of Bangladesh the research article on quality of work life is very few. In this study I have tried my best to introduce some concerning factors that affects the quality of work life of those people who are working in private sector of Bangladesh.I do believe several advantages are associated with my study. Quality of work life is such a concept that indicates a balance both in personal and professional life of an individual. Therefore it can be hampered if someone is not satisfied with his or her work life or family life. However positive quality of work life ex perience is very important and it is directly unified with job satisfaction and productivity. It is a fact which also controls the mental health.According to Plug, Louow & Gouws (1991) mental health is a state of relative good alteration that is escorted by feeling of satisfaction, a zest for life and the realisation of potential skills as well as absence of psychopathological conditions. So to have a positive quality of work life experience, a good quality of life is very important. Mendola and Pellingrini (1979) summarized quality of life as it is the individuals accomplishment of a satisfactory social locating within the limits of apparent physical ability.Every human has a concern slightly their life and quality comes out when it the concentrations ends with some specific points. According to spit out and Johnson (1978) Quality of life is the ownership of elections necessary for the satisfaction of individual needs, wants and desires, companionship in the activities permi tting personal development and self actualization and satisfactory equation between oneself and others. Moreover, a proper balance in quality of work life can generate more productivity for an organization. A satisfied employee can give more than 100 percent contribution to his or her company.If we consider the whole organization as an intimate environment because it becomes very important to have optimum work pressure, accurate benefits and full facility along with career development within the company. all in all of these interrelated with the job satisfaction and therefore quality of work life. Besides, if we consider the outside environment then family life, social status and transportation will be the vital factors. So having a proper balance in these areas is also important. In Bangladesh a great amount of people are working in private limited companies and the number of private company is increase day by day.Considering the large number of population, in Bangladesh the human resource supply is more than the demand. Therefore, the bargaining power is more for company where candidates are having little bargain power. On the other hand, lots of employees are not running on their suitable jobs. It seriously affects their career development. Most of the employees consider compensation package and benefits, position, work load and career development as their satisfaction benchmark. However, in Bangladesh transportation facility is another very important factor that directlyYear 2012 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Factors Affecting Quality of acidify Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh affects employees mental health. Based on this, some upper level company like Grameenphone limited, Robi, Unilever Bangladesh, nestle Bangladesh, Banglalink, some private banks, private universities has develop their own culture and working environment. Besides, a good compensation package and benefits are offered by them. All of th ese are important for job satisfaction and finally quality of work life.In Bangladesh, companies are mainly performance oriented and their organizational culture and work pressure may be the reason of dissatisfaction in quality of work life. As human supply is more so high turnover rate rate and high competition is also a major concern regarding quality of work life. Quality of work life has been defined in various ways. According to Rose, Beh, Uli and Idris (2006) quality of work life is a philosophy or set of principals, which holds that people are trustworthy, responsible and capable of making a valuable contribution to the organization.It also pick outs respect and the elements that are germane(predicate) to an individual quality of work life include task, working environment, organizational culture, administrative system and the kinship between on the job and off the job life. Serey (2006), define quality of work life as it is a certain and best meet the existing work envir onment along with meaningful and satisfying work. It also includes a. an opportunity to implement ones talents and abilities to face challenges that require in inter reliant initiative and self direction. b. an bodily process thinking to be valuable by the individuals involvement. c. n activity in which the role of individual in achievement of some overall goals is understandable. d. a sense of taking pride in what one is doing and in doing it well. Lau, Wong, Chan and Law (2001) measures quality of work life as the favorable working atmosphere that chains and promotes satisfaction by giving employees with rewards, job security and career development opportunity. Therefore quality of work life and its relationship with employee health and performance has become an explicit objective for many of the human resource policies in modern organizations (Dolan, Saba, Jackson & Schuler, 2007).Heskett, Sasser and Schlesinger (1997) summarize quality of work life as the outlook that employee s have towards their job, colleagues and organization that light a chain leading to the organizations growth and profitability. Quality of life is such a concept which is basically associated with satisfaction mainly in the work life and Mirvis and Lawler (1984) highlighted that salary, working hours, working condition, safe working environment and opportunities for advancement describes- the basic components of a good quality of work life.Hackman and Oldhams (1980) rede the V. Conceptual Framework A conceptual framework has been developed ( var. 1) that is one of the relative construct of this study. VI. Hypotheses Development 1= explicate load has an impact on quality of work life of the employees 2 = Family life affects the quality of work life of the employees 3 = passage facilities affect quality of work life of the employees 4 = remuneration and benefits affects quality of work life of the employees = Colleagues and supervisor relationship affects quality of work lif e of the employees 6 = working(a) environment has an impact over quality of work life of the employees 7 = workings condition and career growth opportunities affects quality of work life of the employees VII. Based on research question following hypotheses has been developed for the study- Research methodological analysis The type of research used in this article is of descriptive nature. finished this descriptive research, the article sought to determine the answers to why, 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume dozen Issue XVIII Version I constructs of quality of work life in relation to the fundamental interaction between work environment and personal needs. Along with structural modification good relation between supervisor and subordinates is important for a good quality of work life (Bertrand and Scott, 1992). Quality of work life refers the quality of life that is associated with job characteristics and work conditions a s well as capability of shaping a job with an employees option, interest and needs (Lawler 1982 and Beukema 1987 Datta 1999).Katzell et. Al (1975) defined quality of work life more broadly as an individuals valuation of the outcome of the work relationship. They observed employee can have positive quality of work life if he has positive feelings towards his job, if he is motivated with his private life and if he has a balance between the two terms of his personal values. To conclude, most of the studies on quality of work life are cogitateed on personality and job satisfaction in where some studies also focused on motivation, organization culture and individuals needs and desire.In the context of Bangladesh the most important factors that directly affect the quality of work life are work load, compensation and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working condition and career development, working environment, family life and transportation facilities. After evaluation of studies and considering the nation these factors individually has an impact on quality of work life. 25 Year 2012 Factors Affecting Quality of tempt Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 26 2 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I hat, where and how questions of the existing employees in macrocosm sector of Bangladesh and their expectations. It also involves collecting information that explain peoples beliefs, knowledge, attitude and behavior (Fink, 1995, Sommer & Sommer, 1996). Primary data was collected through cry and online survey for analysis and secondary data was be used as a support tool. A total of 100 sample sizing considered to be adequate for my study. Each and every response is checked exhaustively for incomplete and missing response. The questionnaire has two parts in were the first part contains some demographic information. plug-in 1 gives a proper summary of this sort of information. In the sec ond part, the questionnaire contains 32 items to construct the seven independent variables along with a dependent variable in my study. The selected independent variables are work load, compensation and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working environment, working condition and career growth, family life and transportation. A five point Likert scale (1= powerfully Disagree to 5= Strongly Agree) was used to collect data from the respondents. The questionnaire was outlined in English and understandable.Reliability analysis was done to identify the reliability of my study. Beside this, regression analysis, surmise testing was done for a proper justification and to draw an appropriate recommendation in my study. VIII. mean scores of the factors of QWL with standard deviation also shown (Table 4) in my study. i. Hypotheses interrogation To conduct the hypothesis test a regression analysis has been done and seven factors which have an effect in quality of work life are considered. However, details of the influence of independent variable over dependent variable have been shown in Table 7.First hypothesis was 1 , Word load has an impact on quality of work life of the employees. According to the analysis, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 000, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, nix hypothesis is spurned and 1 is accepted. Second hypothesis was 2 , Family life affects the quality of work life of the employees. According to the analysis, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 000, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 2 is accepted.Third hypothesis was 3 , Transportation facilities affect quality of work life of the employees. In this case, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 007, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 3 is accepted. My fourth hypothesis was 4 , honorarium and benefits affects qualit y of work life of the employees. Here, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 000, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and 4 is accepted.My fifth hypothesis was 5, Colleagues and supervisor relationship affects quality of work life of the employees. According to the analysis, the significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 332, which is greater than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is accepted and H5, is rejected. Sixth hypothesis was 6, working environment has an impact over quality of work life of the employees. The significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 014, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothesis is rejected and is accepted. Final hypothesis was 7 working condition and career growth opportunities affects quality of work life of the employees. The significance value for the hypothesis is 0. 009, which is less than level of significance ? = 0. 05. So, null hypothe sis is rejected and 7 is accepted. ii. infantile fixation Analysis From the regression analysis (Table 5), I found the R material value to be 0. 425 meaning 42. 5% of the variability in the quality of work life of employees in the private limited companies in Bangladesh can be explained by these seven independent factors.In this case the independent variables are work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working environment and working condition and career growth. From the ANOVA table we see that the significance value is 0. 000 (Table Year 2012 Data Analysis and Findings My study contains 69% male respondent and 31% female respondent (Table 1). Among them 94% respondents age is in between 21-30 days and rest of 6% respondents is under 31-40 years of age. However, 44% respondents already have 2-3 years of professional experience in where 27% respondents have 3-5 years of experience.Moreover, some freshers are having 1-2 years of experiences are also included in my study and the percentage is 23%. A reliability analysis is commonly used to identify the internal consistency of the variables. However, Cronbachs alpha is commonly used to test the reliability and the range of alpha coefficient value is in between 0 to 1. The higher(prenominal) value indicates the higher reliability (Hair, et al. , 1992). A value more than . 70 is significantly good measure for sufficient scale of reliability (Cronbach, 1951, Nunnally, 1987).According to the Cronbachs alpha test the value of alpha in my study is 0. 732 (Table 2 & Table 3) which is higher than minimum acceptable value. Therefore, 73. 20% of data are reliable in my study. This reliable analysis has been done for all dependent and independent variables and so far I am satisfied. Besides, this reliability test contains 32 items based on which I make my hypothesis test. A 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) a) Demographic Data Analysis b) Secondary Data Analysis Factors Affecting Quality of sour Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh ), thus proving that the model is valid and significant. However, among 7 factors six of them (work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, working environment, working condition and career growth) have positive and significance influence on quality of work life. sole(prenominal) single factor named colleagues and supervisor has no significance impact on quality of work life. Probably, respondents have given less notice on it. iii. Limitation This research study has some demarcation and the major limitation factor for this report is complexity of the topic.Since the survey will be conducted on questionnaire therefore it is a great challenge to ensure the actual validness of the response. In some cases, the topics were not understood by the employees who have token(prenominal) idea intimately the quality of work life. Respondents are selected o nly from capital of Bangladesh city therefore this research does not reflect the perception of employees of all(prenominal) corner of Bangladesh. However unwillingness of respondents was another limitation of my study. Moreover, R feather (0. 425) is comparatively low which means that other factors can also influence the quality of work life of employees in private limited companies of Bangladesh. v. References References Referencias 1. Arts, E. J. , Kerksta, J. and forefront der Zee (2001) Quality of operative Life and pass waterload in star sign Help Nordic College of Caring Sciences, 12-22. 2. Baptiste, N. R. (2008). Tightening the link between employee eudaemonia at work and performance A new dimension for HRM. Management Decision, 46(2), 284-309. 3. Bertrand, J. (1992). Designing quality into work life. Quality Progress, 12, 29-33. 4. Carayon, P. (1997). Temporal Issues of Quality of workings Life and Stress in Human Computer Interaction. International Journal of HumanCom puter Interaction, 9(4), 325-342. 5. Carayon, P. , Hoonakker, S. & Scwarz, J. (2003). Job Characteristics and Quality of feating Life in the IT workforce The role of gender, ACM SIGMIS CPR Conference. Edited by E. Trauth, April. 10-12, 2003, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ACM Press, 5863 6. Cooper, C. L. (1991). Stress in organizations. In M. Smith (Ed. ), Analysing Organisational Behaviour. London MacMillan. 7. Cummings, T. G. , & Molly, E. S. (1997). Improving Productivity and the Quality of Work Life. sweet York Praeger Publishers. 8. Danna, K. , & Griffin, R. W. (1999). Health and wellbeing in the workplace A review and deduction of the literature. Journal of Management, 25(3), 357384. . Davison, Efraty, D. , & Sirgy, M. J. (1990). The effects of quality of working life (QWL) on employee behavioural responses. Social Indicators Research, 22, 31-37. 10. Elizur, D. , & Shye, S. (1990). Quality of work life and its relation to quality of life. utilise Psychology International Revie w, 39(3), 275-291. 11. Fisher, C. D. , Schoenfeldt, L. F. and Shaw, J. B. (2004) Human options Management. Biztantra New Delhi. 12. Goodman, P. S. (1980), ? Quality of Work Life Projects in 1980s? Industrial Relations Research Association pp-487-494 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) 27 Conclusion and RecommendationThis research study is tried to examine the factors that have an impact on quality of work life of employees of private limited companies in Bangladesh. The seven factors are work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefits, colleagues and supervisor, working environment and working condition and career growth. The outcome of the research indicates that six out of seven factors (work load, family life, transportation, compensation policy and benefit, working environment and working condition and career growth) have significant influence on quality of work life and the remaining factor (colleagues and supervisor) has no ignificant influence on quality of work life. From the finding, it can be recommended that quality of work life is such a critical concept that might be gaga due to dissatisfaction of mind set. However, the companies can focus on their employees public assistance by providing them a let out and attractive compensation policy, optimum work load and by providing a superior work environment. The private companies should stool a career growth opportunity within their environment that may lead to a better performance and therefore a better productivity.Moreover, participation management will increase the enthusiasm of employees as they will have an opportunity to participate with their ideas. So the private companies of Bangladesh can focus on it. On the other Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 hand, transportation is such a factor which is seriously involve in mental satisfaction. Therefore, if the companies can provide a transportation facility then they might grab a positive impression from employees and the employees may not need to harass by external environment.However, the government of Bangladesh can take some steps to provide adequate and affordable transportation facilities for the local people. Finally, I think if the company could manage our work life along with the transportation facility, our family or private life could be managed as we will be mentally happy. Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh 28 2 Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I 13. Glasier, E (1976), ? State of the Art, Questions about Quality of Work Life? Personnel. 14. Hanlon, M. D. and Gladstein, D. L. (1984) Improving the Quality of Work Life in Hospitals A Case Study, Hospital Health Service Administration, 29(5), 94107. 15. Havlovic, S. J. (1991) Quality of Work Life and Human option Outcomes, Industrial Relations, 30(3), 469-479. 16. K han, A. A. (2008). Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations (2nd Edn. ). Abir Publications Dhaka. 17. Loscocco, K. A. and Roschelle, A. R. (1991) Influences on the Quality of Work and Non- Work Life Two Decades in Review, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 39(2), 182-225. 8. Lambert, S. J. (1990). Process linking work and family A critical review and research agenda. Human Relations, 43, 239-257. 19. Lawler, E. E. (1975). Measuring the psychological quality of working life The why and how of it, in L. E. Davis and A. B. Cherns (Ed. ), The Quality of Working Life, Vol. 1 (pp. 123-133). New York Free Press. 20. Periman, S. L. (2006), Human Resource Innovators, integrating quality of work life into organizational performance, http//www. quaiindia. com accessed 15 Jan 2010. 21. Rose, R. C. , Beh, L. S. , Uli, J. , Idris, K. 2006) Quality of Work Life Implications of Career Dimensions, Journal of Social Sciences, 2(2), 61-67. 22. Saraji, G. N. & Dargahi, H. (2006), Study of Qualit y of Work Life (QWL), Iranian Journal of Publication Health 35(4), 8-14. 23. Walton, R. E. (1975), Criteria for Quality of Working Life, in Davis, L. E. & Cherns, A. B. (eds. ), The quality of working life, New York The Free Press, pp. 99104. 24. Wyatt, T. A. & Wah, C. Y. (2001), Perceptions of QWL A study of Singaporean Employees Development, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management 9 (2), 59-76 Year 2012 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Figure 1 A Conceptual frame work of Factors affecting Quality of Work Life. Family Life Transportation Private Life Quality of Work Life 29 Work Life Work Load Compensation and Benefits Working Environment Colleagues and Supervisor Working dispose and Career harvest-time Table 1 Demographic Profile of Respondent. Gender Male effeminate (%) 69. 00 31. 00 Age 21-30 years 31- 40 years 40 years an (%) 94. 00 6. 00 0. 00 pip Executive Sr. Executive Officer Sr. Officer Asst. motorbus Manager Merchandiser Asst.Territory Officer Territory Manager Management Trainee instructor Specialist Total 100. 00 Total 100. 00 Total (%) 48. 00 4. 00 19. 00 4. 00 6. 00 2. 00 2. 00 3. 00 3. 00 2. 00 4. 00 3. 00 100. 00 Total 100. 00 Year of 1-2 historic period 2-3 Years 3-5 Years 5-7 Years 8 Years and (%) 23. 00 44. 00 27. 00 4. 00 2. 00 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Table 2 Reliability Statistics. Cronbachs Alpha . 32 Cronbachs Alpha Based on Standardized Items . 786 N of Items 32 Table 3 Reliability Tests. Factors Name Items 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Values 0. 796 0. 60 0. 825 0. 526 0. 821 0. 927 0. 809 0. 471 Quality of Work Life (Dependent) Work Load (Independent) Family Life ((Independent)) Transportation (Independent) Compensati on constitution and Benefits (Independent) Colleagues and Supervisor (Independent) Working Environment (Independent) Working setting and Career outgrowth (Independent) Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 30 2 Table 4 fuddled Scores of the Factors of QWL.Factors Workload Family Life Transportation Compensation Policy Colleagues and Supervisor Working Environment Working Condition and Career Growth Mean 3. 0800 3. 4350 3. 4900 2. 5325 4. 0325 3. 8700 3. 4850 Std. Deviation . 50861 . 94054 . 86524 1. 02473 . 74845 . 76581 . 64630 Table 5 regression toward the mean Analysis. Model 1 R . 652(a) R Square . 425 Adjusted R Square . 381 Std. Error of the Estimate . 48606 a. Predictors (Constant), Working Condition and Career Growth, Work Load, Transportation, Compensation Policy, Family Life, Colleagues and Supervisor, Working Environment Table 6 ANOVA.Model Regression 1 Residual Total Sum of Squares 16. 072 21. 735 37. 807 df 7 92 99 Mean Square 2. 296 . 236 F 9. 718 Sig. .000(a) a. Predictors (Constant), Working Condition and Career Growth, Work Load, Transportation, Compensation Policy, Family Life, Colleagues and Supervisor, Working Environment b. Dependent Variable QWL 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh Table 7 Hypothesis Testing. Coefficients (a)Model (Constant) Work Load Family Life Transportation Compensation Policy Colleagues and Supervisor Working Environment Working Condition and Career Growth Unstandardized Coefficients B 3. 425 . 577 . 287 -. 218 -. 245 -. 104 . 309 -. 308 Std. Error . 604 . 123 . 073 . 078 . 058 . 107 . 123 . 115 . 475 . 436 -. 305 -. 407 -. 126 . 382 -. 322 Standardized Coefficients beta 5. 668 4. 705 3. 943 -2. 782 -4. 206 -. 974 2. 518 -2. 682 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 000 . 332 . 014 . 009 . 007 t Sig. 1 a. Dependent Variable QWL 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Jou rnal of Management and Business Research Volume XII Issue XVIII Version I Year 2012 31